Oil-gas producer.



5., W. M. 6; M. M. BURDON. OIL GAS PRODUCER.

AFELIOATION 21mm FEB- 24, 1911.

latented Sept. 29, 1914.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

' 3. W". M.'& M. M. BURDON.

OIL GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION FILED T11R24, 1911.

Patented Sept. 29, 1914 4 snnms sunm 2.

Marne 3., W. M. 'z M. M. BURDON.

OIL GAS PRODUGER.

APPLICATION FILED PEB..24,1911.

Patented Sept. 29 1914.

4 SHEETSWSHEET a.

0 (WEN Q 2- .J 1

(2% a ll 2% 1., W. M. & M. M. BURDON.

OIL GAS PRODUCER.

APPLICATION TILED FEB.24,1911.

Patented Sept. 29, 3.914

ED SATQ EDEN EURDGN, WELIAM MURRAY EURDO N, AND IriEdTTHEW MUEJi-AY BURDGN, 01'? EELLSEILL,

SCOTLANJ.

GIL-GAE; PRODUCER.

Specification of Letters Fan-ant.

Application filed February 24,3911. semi Ito. name.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that We, JOHN Bnnuon, WILLIAM ll IURRAY Bunsen, and ,Ma'r'runw MURRAY Bunnon,'all subjects of the King of Great Britain, and all residing at Bellshill, Lanarkshire, Scotland, have invented certain new and useful OilGas Producers, of which the following is a specification.

At present when heating furnaces by rnehns of oil fuel it is usual to arrange one or more spray burners in the furnaces or in conjunction therewith, the sprayed oil being burned in the furnace. This method of burning oil fuel has been found wasteful and dirty in operation and is open to various objections. Again, if a burner is used in which oil is simply vaporized, tarry and carbonaceous deposits occur which, apart from reducing the calorific value of the flame, tend to choke the burner and necessitats constant cleaning.

The object of this invention is to provide a simple and self-contained apparatus for producing a substantially stable gas from oils and particularly crude or fuel oils the gas being capable of immediate use for heatraising purposes Without further treatment of any kind.

Under our invention the oiL'in a minutely subdivided condition, eil'ected by an atom iaer, is introduced in very thorough admixture with a large volume of air to a retort or rotor-ting device comprising one or more open-encled'tubes straight through which, or each of which, the mixture is blown, by an air supplying fan or equivalent blower, at a considerable velocity, to a more or less restricted outlet, the mixture, in its ra id passage through the tube or tubes, being highly heated, chemical changes taking place under the action of the heat so that a substantially stable combustible gas is immediately produced without further admin" ture of air or gas or steam and Without the aid of additional piping, appliances or re torts. The gas can be ignited at the outlet and burns with a more or less blue or Bun sen flame. A peculiarity of the apparatus is that although a metallic retort can be employed little or no deposition of carbon takes place'therein.

After a great many experiments We have iound that the best results can be obtained oughly diffusing and mining the samewith the air (this being" done by the atomizer, the air passing through the atomizer and coming; behind and catching up the oil with which it thoroughly mixes) the mixture passing at once through a retort consisting of a straight open-ended tube having no bends or tortuous passages or connections and which is reduced at its end by means of a tapering nozzle or otherwise, so as to prevent the mixture escaping too rapidly and to combine and compress the same, the gas being allowed to blow freely into and be ignited in the furnace, chamber, or place to be heated or fired. lit is'necessary that the tubular retort should be kept at as constunt and uniform a heat as possible this eliected by arranging the retort in a heating chamber or compartment Whi. kept at by the admission thereto of hot gase. a flame chamber, the gases'passing from flame chamber to the heating chamber being: preferably under control. i e, preferably, utilize a portion of the gasgeneratcd in apparatus to heat the retort (or retorts} and We simply pass this Without the employment of a burner or other device into the flame chamber Where ignited,

We blow the air into the retort through. the atoinizeigthe air being supplied by a rotary fan or equivalent blower C which supplies air in large volume and at a C0111 paratively low pressure.

It is very important that the apparatus should form a self-contained unitary strud ture so that it can, as desired, be applied to various types and forms of furnaces for heating the same. To this end the apparatus om. the

torts of tubular shape each constituting anindepcndent gas generator and all being arranged Within a suitable structure (which very finely subdividing the oil and thou before gasification has taken place and also i a more or less constant temper sure is constructed with one or more straight refor small work may be portable) the structure havinga flame chamber wherein the ,ta1n.cases the retort or retorts may be heated by one or more oil burners.

The apparatus, when once started, can be worked automatically so long as the oil and .air supply is maintained.

.ln order that our invention may be properly understood we have hereunto appended explanatory drawings which show, by way of example, different types of oil gas producing apparatus oonstructed'in accordance with our invention.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, Fig. 2 av sectional plan and Fig.3 a vertical cross section of one form of self-contained gas producer suitable for heating or firing large furnaces. Fig. 4 is a part longitudinal section, Fig. 5 a plan, and Fig. 6 a cross section on the line X, X, (Fig. 5) of a modified con: struction of the retortsFigs. 1 to 3/ Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 8 a cross section. of'a simple form of gas producer specially suitable for firing boiler. furnaces and such like; 8 is a left hand end elevation of an apparatus as shown in Fig. -1. Fig. 8 is a top plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 8". Fig. 9' isa view showing hpw theoil gas producer can be applied to a furnace. Fig. 10 is a vertical section, Fig. 11 a sectional plan and Fig. 12 a verticell cross section of another form of oil-gas producer specially suited for supplying large quantities of gas when heating large furnaces.

On the drawings the same reference numerals and letters wherever repeated indicate the same or similar parts.

Theself-contained oil-gas producer, Figs. 1 to 3, consists of a rectangular structure comprising a flame chamber 1 and a superposed heating or retort chamber 2, the chambers being divided from each other by a horizontal partition 3 which .is perforated by vertical passages 4; (indicated in dotted l nes at Fig. 1). The chambers are, prefe ibly, made of fire-brick 5 with an outer metallic casing 6 and a removable metallic cover 7. The partition is also, preferably, made of fire brick. Located in the retort chamber, side by side, are three tubular retorts 8, 9, 10, two consisting of straight open ended tubes and the third having a tapering return bend.

11, 12, 13, are atomizers, one being provided for and projecting into each retort, (and in each of which the oil issues from a izers 11, 12 and 13 respectively, and is atom ized by means of the fan blast su plied to the pipes f the air through the retorts. The central retort blast blowing tie oil 9 is provided',-at its end,

.with a tapering return bend 15 which is bolted or otherwise secured thereto and is suspended by a link 17 from the cover 7, and leads to the interior of the flame chamber 1. The retorts 8 and 10 are extended beyond the producer and provided at their ends with flattened nozzles 16 for increasing the pressure of the gas before it leaves the re torts.

m are openings in the retort chamber for the products of combustion to escape.

It will be seen that each retort has an atomizer and that each produces its own gas. The oil supplied to each retort is thoroughly atomized by the atomizer and is admixed with a large volume of air from the large pipe f (which, as will be seen, is shown as of about the same diameter as the retort) which blows straight throughthe retort, the mixture being converted into gas in its passage therethrough. The oil supply for each retort is kept under controlby a tap.

The combustible oil gas issuing from the.

bond 15 of the central retortburns in the flame chamber 1 and the hot gases of combustion pass, by the passages 4, into the retort chamber 2 heating all the retorts. a gas escapes from the retort 8, 10, through the nozzles 16 which latter extend into a furnace or other place to be heated. It is neces sary to regulate the heat in the retort chamher so that it shall not, on the one hand, full so low as not to gasify the oil or, on the other hand, rise to such an extent as to cause ignition of the air and oil mixture to take place in the retorts, and to enable this to be done sliding dampers I), c, a, e, for the passages 4 are rovided, these dampers being manipulated y rods assing through slots in the cover of the pro ucer or in other suitable manner.

When heating a furnace, is fitted in a convenient osition adjacent thereto (see Fig. 9) with t e nozzleslo, l6, projecting into the interior thereof. The flame chamber is first heated by a blow lamp, burning oil waste, or the like, and when the the gas producer heated, the etomizer i. "e! ole mixture of oila "mo the interior of the u e lighted and filling the which passes tl'lrough chamber 2 and highly 9,, 1t Tlueatorrr and the which ."6, it encl burns I ium-u flame.

' e l3, (lif- In l, 2, 3, in so 9, 10, are cast in one pl tee l8, The s it, 16, may he lso secured to plate hoite cl to the Qt lined v us a rel. side by side, in provided with an is; burner arranged Join playi 9 in o the the sen e 11ml ll open u is of ccrulmstio to cape. orts 227 and into the furnace weducer A arranged :1 'iurrioce so as to heat e chamber rotated firebricks) e22, the oil or into .c bowl. 3% from e clays into the anal the heat passages and heats up tihlc mixture s flames. 1

u before pass- 1- 16 can be used than heating or firing ates the oihgae can he end cheaply no tmtu ous passages are necessary and no elaborate urrcl costly appliances are required.

Having now fully described our invention What We claim. and desire to secure by Lettel-s Patent is 1. A self contained oil prising a flame chamber, a superposed retort chamber, a tubular retort extending through the retort chamber and projecting outward beyond theencl thereof, a second re tort in the 1 tort chamber having at its-end a nozzle deflected into the flame chamber, means for supplying oil to the retorts, and means for atomir lng the oil within the retorts by a blast of a large volume or low pressure air, the oil gas flame from the nozzle heating the flame chamber and also both 'retorts.

A self contained oil gas: producer comprising a retort'chamher, a plurality of re torts in the retort chamber, means for supplying oil to each of the retorts separately, means "for atomizing the oil Within each retort by blowing into the retort a large '01- ume of low pressure air, and flame chanr her in which oil. gas from one of the retorts burned, hot being" conch'lcted from the flame to the retort chamber to heat all of the retorts,

3. A self contained oil gas producer comprising a chamber in Which oil gas is burned, a second chamber, means for directing the hot gases from the first chamber to the second, two retorts arranged siolc lay sicle in the said second chamber, means for sup: plying oil to each retort, means for blowing a large volume'of air into each retort to atomize the oil therein, and means whereby oil gas from one retort is conrluctecl to the first chamber to be consumed therein.

4-. A self contained oil producer comprising a chamber divided by a perforated partition into two compartments, one ehove the other, the lower one constituting a firing cl'lamber and the upper one a retort chamber, means for heating the firing charm her, a plurality of retors in the retort chamber, means for suppling oil separately to each of the retorts, means for separately etomizing the oil by directing a blast of a volume of low pressure air into each retort, and means whereby the oil gas produced in one of the retorts will he (lischarged directly intothc furnace or interior to he heated. i I

A self contained oil gas producer comprising a firing chamber made of fire brick, means for heatin the chamber, a retort chamber made of fire brick, an outer metallic using inclosing the structure, a series of parallel retorts in the retort chamber, means for supplying oil to each of the re' gas producer comtorts, means for directing a blast of low pressure air in a large volume into each of the retorts for atomizing "the oil therein, and means whereby the oil gas thus produced in one of. the retorts may be discharged directly into the furnace or other interior to be heated. I

6. A self contained oil gas producer comprising a firing chamber, a retort chamber, a partition provided with passages forming communication between the chambers, a plurality of retorts in the retort chamber, means for supplying oil to each of the retorts, means for forcing a large supply of low pressure air into each retort to atomize the oil therein, and means whereby the oil gas produced in one of the retorts may be ischarged into the furnace or other in terior to be heated.

7. A self contained oil gas producer comprising a flalne chamber, means for supplymg fuel to said chamber, a retort chamber, a metallic cover for closin the retort chamber, a partition perforate by passages between the flame chamber and the said retort chamber, a damper for regulating the heat passing to the retort chamber, retorts in the retort chamber each having an outlet at one end projecting outward beyond the chamber, means for supplying oil to each of the retorts separately and means for atemizing the oil Within each retort. 8.. A self contained oil gas producer comprising a flame chamber, means for supplying fuel. thereto, a retort chamber, means for conducting the heated gases from the flame to the retort chamber, retorts in the retort chamber, one or more of the retorts each having an outlet at one end projecting outwardly from the chamber, means for supplying a fluid fuel to the retorts, and a lower having communication With the retorts to atomize the fluid fuel therein.

9. A self contained oil. gas producer comprising a flame chamber, means for supplying fuel thereto, a retort chamber, means for conducting the heated gases from the flame to the retort chamber, means for corn trolling the last said means at will, retorts in the retort chamber, one or more of the retorts each having an outlet at one end projecting outwardl from the chamber, means for supplying a uid fuel to the retorts, and a blower aving communication With the Totorts to atomize the fluid fuel the ein- 10. A self contained oil gas producer comprising a flame chamber, means for supplying fuel thereto, a retort chamber, means for conducting the heated gases from the flame to the retort chamber, retorts in the retort chamber, one or more of the retorts each having an outlet at one end projecting outwardly from the chamber, pro- .ize the fluid fuel therein.

visions for maintaining pressure of the gas in the retort, means for supplying a fluid fuel to the retorts, and a blower having connnunication with the retorts to etc 11. A self contained oil gas producer comprising a flame chamber, means for supplying fuel thereto, a retort chamber, means for conducting the heated gases from the flame to the retort chamber, retorts in the retort chamber, one or more of thc 'retorts each having an outlet at one end projecting outwardly from the chamber, the said outlet end of the retort being constricted to maintain the gas pressure in the retort, means for supplying a fluid fuel to theretorts, and a blower having communication with the rctorl's to atomize the fluid fuel therein.

12. A self contained apparatus of the character described, embodying a. flame chamber and a retort chamber having, co1nmunication with each other, a plurality of retorts in the retort chamber, a nozzle arranged at one end of one of the rctorts and discharging into the flame chamber, the end of another of the retorts projecting beyond the chamber andbeing adapted to be projected into the area to be heated, means for supplying fluid fuel to the retorts, and a blou or connected to the rctorts for atomizing the fuel in the i'etorts,

13. A self contained apparatus of the character described embodying a flame chamber, a plurality of retorts disposed ad jncent but outside of said chamber, there being passages leading from the chamber for conducting the heated products of combustion against the reto ts, a nozzle arranged at one end of one of the retorts and discharging into the chamber to supply fuel thereto, the other retorts having projecting open ends adapted to extend into the area to be heated, means for supplying fluid fuel to the retorts, and a blowe fan connected with the retorts for atomizing the fuel therein.

M. A self contained apparatus of the character described embodying a flame chamber, a plurality of rctorts disposed adjacent but outside of said chamber, there being passages lczuling from the chamber for conducting the heated products of combustion against the retorts, dampers for controlling the said passages, a nozzle arranged at one end of one of the rcl'orl's and discharging into thc chamber to supply fuel theret the other rotorts ha ing projecting open ends adapted to extend into the area to be heated. means for supplying fluid fuel to the irixorts, and a blower fan connccted with the rctorls for atomiziug the fuel therein.

15. A. self contained oil gas producer emthe flame from the nozzle heating the flame bodying a flame chamber, a retort chamber, chamber and both retorts. a plurality of retorts in the latter, one of In testimony whereof we afiix our signathe r etorts having one end shaped to form tures inpresence of two Witnesses.

5 an outlet nozzle arranged to direct the fluid JOHN BURDON.

therefrom into the flame chamber, means for WILLIAM MURRAY BURDON. supplying fluid fuel to the retorts, and pro- MATTHEW MURRAY BURDON. vision for atomizing the fluid fuel within Vvitnesses: the retorts by a blast of a large volume of WILLIAM BROWN,

10 low pressure air directed into the retorts, VILLIAN. B. VERITY. 

